Why is a DC-DC converter needed?

Electrical appliances that plug into an outlet require an AC-DC converter to convert from AC to DC.

This is because most semiconductor devices can operate only using DC.

ICs and other components mounted on substrates used in sets feature specific operating voltage ranges that require different voltage accuracies.

Unstable or improper voltage supplies can lead to characteristics degradation and even malfunction.

To prevent this, a DC-DC converter is needed to convert and stabilize the voltage.

A device that stabilizes the voltage using a DC-DC converter is referred to as a voltage regulator.